Effects of home-based videoconference adapted physical activity on healthy aging

Vollständiger Abstract

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Abstract Aging induces muscle weakness and power decline in older adults, increasing the risk of falls. Adapted physical activity (APA) programs are effective in mitigating these declines. Recent innovations, including videoconferencing, offer alternative delivery modes, but their effectiveness in improving physical function remains underexplored. The objective was to evaluate the effects of a 12-week multi-component APA program via videoconferencing on physical capacity in older adults. Fifty older adults (73.20 ± 5.69 years) completed two testing sessions three months apart. Thirty-six participants underwent the APA program, while 14 served as controls. Physical capacities were assessed using: (i) Sit-to-Stand (STS), (ii) six-minute walk, (iii) unipedal balance, (iv) Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG), and (v) knee extensor strength and power tests. Accelerometers embedded in smart eyeglasses captured biomechanical data used to calculate a physical performance score (PPS) and categorize participants into three performance groups. Frailty status was assessed at baseline and post-intervention. The APA program significantly improved maximal knee extensor power, TUG performance, and PPS. A favorable shift in performance groups and frailty status was observed, with no participants remaining frail post-intervention. Adherence was high, and no adverse events were reported. While videoconferencing programs cannot replicate heavy-load or high-risk balance training, they provide a safe, accessible alternative to traditional programs, promoting healthy aging and functional independence.