Preserving Connection: The Vital Window of Speech-Language Therapy Intervention in Dementia Care—A Case Study

Vollständiger Abstract

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the clinical outcomes of delayed speech-language pathology intervention in an individual with Alzheimer's disease and highlight implementation barriers in dementia care. Method: A 63-year-old man diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease went 4.5 years without a speech-language consultation, despite declining cognitive-linguistic abilities noted by his neurologist. Neither he nor his care partner received guidance on interventions, leading the care partner to independently seek services, self-referring to a speech-language pathology clinic where a comprehensive cognitive-communication evaluation was completed. Following the evaluation, a person-centered intervention was implemented incorporating cognitive-communication strategies and care partner training, providing specific methods to enhance communication with the goal of improving quality of care (QoL). Results: The evaluation revealed that, despite severe cognitive impairment and notable word-finding difficulties, he had relatively intact syntactic and grammatical language skills. However, the patient lacked compensatory communication strategies, which hindered his ability to convey overall message effectively, resulting in frequent communication breakdowns. Following speech-language pathology intervention, the patient demonstrated improved functional communication abilities, and both he and his care partner reported enhanced QoL, as documented through standardized outcome measures. Conclusions: This case presentation demonstrates that despite delayed speech-language pathology intervention, individuals with severe dementia and their care partners could benefit from person-centered intervention approaches targeted at communication, safety, and social connection. This case presentation is also a call to action for health care systems to develop standardized clinical pathways where speech-language pathology referrals are initiated early in the progression of the condition.