Eyelid Surgeries for TED

Vollständiger Abstract

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Abstract Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) presents various eyelid manifestations, the most common of which is eyelid retraction. Other notable manifestations include blepharoptosis, entropion, and epiblepharon (Naik MN, Walvekar P, Vasanthapuram VH, Shankar L. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 39:S92-S104. https://doi.org/10.1097/IOP.0000000000002543, 2023). Eyelid surgeries are generally recommended during the inactive phase of TED, as the eyelid position can change during the active phase. These surgeries are performed for both functional and cosmetic reasons and typically represent the final step in the surgical rehabilitation process, following orbital decompression and strabismus correction (Araya J, Sabharwal S, Briceño CA. Int Ophthalmol Clin 63:91–107. https://doi.org/10.1097/IIO.0000000000000462 , 2023; Young SM, Kim YD, Lang SS, Woo KI. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 34:587–593. https://doi.org/10.1097/IOP.0000000000001120 , 2018). However, recent research suggests that combined decompression and eyelid surgeries, particularly for eyelid retraction, can be beneficial Bernardini FP, Skippen B, Zambelli A, et al. Aesthetic Surg J 38:1052–1061. https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjy014 , 2018; Ben Simon GJ, Mansury AM, Schwarcz RM, et al. Ophthalmology 112:923–932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2004.12.028 , 2005; Vasanthapuram VH, Naik MN. Int Ophthalmol 42:13–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-01992-x , 2022; Poonam NS, Agarkar S. Orbit 41:815. https://doi.org/10.1080/01676830.2022.2095649 , 2022).