Prevalence of lower back pain among adults who drive in Saudi Arabia: Examining the influence of driving postures – A cross-sectional study

Vollständiger Abstract

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Background Low back pain (LBP) is a common health issue worldwide, affecting many people, and is expected to increase due to the aging population. This study explores the relationship between driving habits and LBP to inform interventions for driver well-being. Objective To determine the prevalence of lower back pain among adult drivers in Saudi Arabia and examine the association between driving postures and the occurrence of lower back pain. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia using a questionnaire distributed via social media to assess LBP prevalence and its relationship with driving habits and posture. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 28. Results Participants who lacked awareness of proper driving position were significantly more likely to experience lower back pain compared to those who were aware of proper driving posture (OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.22–6.27, p = 0.015). Use of lumbar support was associated with lower odds of lower back pain (OR = 1.59 (95% CI: 1.01–2.51), p = 0.046). Drivers who reported frequent lower back discomfort had markedly lower odds compared with those reporting rare discomfort (OR = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.01–0.16; p < 0.001), while those reporting occasional discomfort also showed reduced odds (OR = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.20–0.47; p < 0.001). Modification of driving position was associated with increased odds of lower back pain (OR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.23–3.04; p = 0.005). Age, gender, prolonged driving without breaks were not significantly associated with LBP. Conclusion Lower back pain among drivers was primarily associated with ergonomic factors rather than demographic characteristics. Poor awareness of proper driving posture and lack of position adjustment were linked to higher odds of pain, while lumbar support use was associated with lower odds.