Stain susceptibility of a giomer and a particulate-filled injectable composite with one-step and multi-step polishing techniques, and color recovery after brushing and repolishing

Vollständiger Abstract

Worum geht es in dieser Arbeit?

Abstract Objectives This study evaluated the stain susceptibility and color recovery of Giomer and highly filled injectable composite compared with a nano-filled packable composite, using one-step and multi-step polishing systems. Methods Ninety composite specimens were prepared from Filtek Z350, Beautifil Flow Plus, and G-ænial Injectable and divided into three polishing subgroups ( n = 10): Mylar strip, OneGloss, and Enamel Plus Shiny. After baseline color measurement (T 0 ), the specimens were immersed in coffee at 37 °C for 30 days. Color changes were measured using a Vita EasyshadeV spectrophotometer after brushing using a soft toothbrush (ΔE_brushing; T₁–T₀) and after repolishing using AL 2 0 3 paste (ΔE_repolishing; T₂–T₀). Data were analyzed using a linear mixed model with Yeo–Johnson transformation and Holm’s correction (α = 0.05). Results A significant interaction was observed among material type, polishing system, and color change ( p = 0.020). G-ænial Injectable showed the lowest stain susceptibility (ΔE_brushing = 2.84; ΔE_repolishing = 1.88). Multi-step polishing significantly improved stain resistance for all tested materials. Repolishing significantly reduced discoloration in all groups ( p < 0.001) by increasing L* values and reducing shifts in a* and b* coordinates. Among all materials, only the multi-step-polished G-ænial Injectable achieved color change values that approached the acceptability threshold (ΔE₀₀ ≤ 1.8). Conclusion Highly filled injectable composites and multi-step polishing improved stain resistance and color recovery of resin composites, whereas S-PRG fillers and matrix-set surfaces increased stain susceptibility. Clinical relevance Multi-step polishing enhances esthetics, while repolishing improves restoration longevity.