Radiologic Approaches In The Detection And Monitoring of Multiple Pregnancy Complications

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Multiple pregnancy, defined as the gestation of two or more fetuses, is a high-risk condition asso- ciated with increased maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The global incidence varies geo- graphically, with Africa particularly Nigeria recording the highest rates. Twin pregnancies consti- tute over 98% of multiple gestations, and their risk profile intensifies with the number of fetuses. Complications such as preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), and maternal hypertensive disorders are common. Radiology plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis, monitoring, and management of multiple pregnancies. Ultrasound remains the corner- stone imaging modality due to its safety, accessibility, and real-time imaging capability. It is indis- pensable in determining chorionicity, detecting congenital anomalies, and assessing fetal growth and wellbeing. Advanced modalities, including high-resolution ultrasound, 3D/4D imaging, Dop- pler, and fetal MRI, have further enhanced diagnostic accuracy, enabling early detection and guided interventions such as fetoscopic laser ablation and intrauterine transfusion. Although the use of ionizing modalities like CT and X-ray is limited due to teratogenic risks, they remain essential in maternal life-threatening emergencies. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into radiologic imaging promises greater precision, automation, and predictive power in future obstetric care. Keywords: Multiple Pregnancy, Twin to Twin Syndrome, Doppler, Ultrasound. References 1. Kazandi, M. and Turan, V. (2011) “Multipl Pregnancies and Their Complications,” Journal of Turkish Society of Obstetric and Gynecology, 8(1), pp. 21–24. Available at: https://doi.org/10.5505/ tjod.2011.47704. 2. Arrowsmith, S. 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