Evaluation of antidiarrheal, antiulcer, anti-collagenase and cholesterol lowering activity of Heyndrickxia coagulans MTCC 25308 (Bacospore®)

Vollständiger Abstract

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Background: Probiotics are increasingly recognized for their role in promoting gastrointestinal health and metabolic regulation. The present study investigated the multifunctional biological activities of Heyndrickxia coagulans (formerly Bacillus coagulans) MTCC 25308 (Bacospore®), focusing on its antiulcer, antidiarrheal, cholesterol-lowering, and anti-collagenase properties. Methods: Antiulcer activity was evaluated in rats using an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model. Bacospore® was administered orally at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, and its effects were compared with ranitidine (20 mg/kg body weight). Antidiarrheal activity was assessed in a castor oil-induced diarrhea model using the same doses and compared with loperamide. Anti-collagenase activity was determined in vitro using enzyme inhibition assays, while cholesterol-lowering potential was assessed through bile salt hydrolase (BSH)-mediated cholesterol reduction assays. Results: Bacospore® exhibited significant gastroprotective activity against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers, with the highest ulcer inhibition observed at 200 mg/kg body weight, surpassing the protective effect of ranitidine. In the castor oil-induced diarrhea model, Bacospore® demonstrated notable antidiarrheal activity comparable to the standard treatment. In vitro studies showed strong collagenase inhibition, reaching 85% at 200 µg/ml, indicating potential extracellular matrix-protective effects. Additionally, Bacospore® achieved 97.72% cholesterol reduction at 1000 µg/ml through BSH-mediated bile salt deconjugation, suggesting substantial hypocholesterolemic potential. Conclusions: Heyndrickxia coagulans MTCC 25308 (Bacospore®) demonstrated significant antiulcer, antidiarrheal, anti-collagenase, and cholesterol-lowering activities. These findings suggest that Bacospore® exerts pleiotropic health benefits through modulation of gastrointestinal function, enzymatic activity, and lipid metabolism, supporting its potential as a multifunctional next-generation probiotic for managing gastrointestinal disorders and metabolic dysregulation.