Application of an Electronic Cane for Blind People - Analysis and Evaluation

Vollständiger Abstract

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This study examines various methods, criteria, and technological approaches used to evaluate parameters associated with the mobility of individuals with disabilities, with particular emphasis on the development of an electronic guidance and monitoring system integrated into a cane for visually impaired users. The proposed engineering solution includes an electronic module based on an ESP32-S3 microcontroller, tested in laboratory and real conditions. Methods for determining distance and signal processing have been analyzed, and a methodology for creating algorithms for working with the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors and the TF-LUNA infrared sensor has been developed. The influence of the mounting angle on the measurement accuracy with the infrared sensor has been studied, and the measurement process has been modeled with an emphasis on error assessment and minimization. The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of ultrasonic scanning in avoiding obstacles in the course of movement. Criteria for reliability and accuracy of measurements are presented, as well as an algorithm for processing sensor data using regression models, providing adaptive user guidance through tactile or sound feedback. In conclusion, a structural and principal diagram of a comprehensive electronic system to support the orientation and safety of blind people in an urban environment has been synthesized.