Инвестиционный потенциал санаторно-курортной отрасли Северо-Кавказского федерального округа в контексте Стратегии пространственного развития России до 2030 года

Vollständiger Abstract

Worum geht es in dieser Arbeit?

Introduction: The sanatorium and resort industry of the North Caucasus Federal District (NCFD) is undergoing accelerated transformation following the approval of the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation until 2030. Despite the growth of the tourist flow in the NCFD to 3.3 million people in 2024 (+8% compared to 2023) and the increase of the national sanatorium services market to 220.08 billion rubles (+18%), there remains a deficit of comprehensive assessments of the industry's investment potential considering territorial priorities and cluster development mechanisms. Objective: To assess the investment potential of the NCFD sanatorium and resort industry through calculation of integral indicators of investment attractiveness and determination of multiplicative effects of capital investments in the context of spatial development objectives. Materials and methods: The study is based on data from Rosstat, the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, and Kavkaz.RF JSC for 2019–2025 across seven NCFD constituent entities. Comparative economic-statistical analysis, calculation of the integral index of investment attractiveness using 12 indicators, cluster analysis, and investment multiplier calculations were applied. Statistical processing was performed using SPSS Statistics 27.0 with the Kruskal—Wallis test (p<0.05). Results: The integral index of investment attractiveness across NCFD entities ranges from 0.28 (Republic of Ingushetia) to 0.79 (Stavropol krai). The investment multiplier for the NCFD sanatorium and resort industry was 2.41, exceeding the national tourism average (1.85) by 30.3%. The tourism share in NCFD GRP reached 4.7% versus the national average of 2.5%. Conclusions: The NCFD sanatorium and resort industry possesses significant investment potential requiring a differentiated approach to the district's constituent entities. The creation of a special economic zone in Kavminvody with planned investments of 160 billion rubles is a key driver of the macroregion's spatial development.