AFFECT AS AN ACTIVE METHODOLOGY IN MUSIC THERAPY FOR PEOPLE WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Vollständiger Abstract

Worum geht es in dieser Arbeit?

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by persistent differences in social communication and interaction, associated with restricted or repetitive patterns of behavior and sensory particularities. In this context, music therapy provides relational, expressive, and participatory resources that may foster engagement and communication. This article aims to analyze the role of affect as a structuring element of active methodologies applied to music therapy for people with ASD. A qualitative literature review was conducted using scientific articles and systematic reviews addressing music therapy, therapeutic bonding, motivation, social interaction, and individualized interventions. The thematic analysis was organized into four axes: affective bonding and therapeutic attunement; engagement and circumscribed interests; musical improvisation and responsiveness; and technological contributions to emotion recognition. The reviewed studies indicate that the quality of the therapeutic relationship, the music therapist’s responsiveness, and the adaptation of musical experiences to the person’s initiatives and preferences may increase participation, social reciprocity, and emotional expression. Evidence also suggests benefits of music therapy for social communication, interaction, and auditory-motor integration, although findings should be interpreted in light of the heterogeneity of interventions and participants. Affect should therefore not be understood merely as an additional component, but as a relational condition capable of sustaining participatory, individualized, and humanized practices. Interventions should be delivered by qualified professionals, grounded in scientific evidence, and adapted to each person’s clinical, communicational, and sensory characteristics.