OPTIMIZATION OF REHABILITATION PROTOCOLS AFTER ELECTIVE HIP REPLACEMENT IN LIGHT OF CURRENT SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE

Vollständiger Abstract

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Introduction: Hip replacement is one of the most effective treatments for advanced degenerative disease, but the optimal postoperative rehabilitation model remains a matter of debate. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate current rehabilitation protocols used after elective hip replacement and identify their most important and best-documented elements. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted, encompassing 34 publications from 2015–2025, including randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical guidelines, and epidemiological data. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The timing of rehabilitation initiation, type of intervention, therapy organization, and their impact on pain and functional outcomes were analyzed. Main Findings: Available evidence confirms that rehabilitation after elective hip replacement promotes improved function, independence, and pain reduction. Promising results have been reported for early mobilization, resistance exercises, functional training, and multicomponent approaches, including patient education and gait retraining. Early mobilization, often on the day of surgery, can shorten hospitalization, while training programs improve functional outcomes, as assessed by the Harris Hip Score, among other measures. However, no clear advantage of one universal rehabilitation model over others has been demonstrated. Conclusions: Rehabilitation is a key element of treatment after elective hip replacement, significantly improving function and reducing pain. Current evidence supports early, individually tailored, and comprehensive therapy, including mobilization and targeted strength training. Further high-quality methodological research aimed at standardizing treatment is necessary.