Beyond the cognitive haze: BrainRot, cognitive flexibility, physical exercise, and anxiety symptoms among Chinese adolescents

Vollständiger Abstract

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Introduction The present study examined BrainRot, cognitive flexibility, anxiety symptoms, and physical exercise in Chinese adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional design was employed, with data collected from 3,261 adolescents through questionnaires assessing problematic short-video use, cognitive flexibility, anxiety symptoms, and physical exercise. Results BrainRot was positively related to anxiety symptoms (r = 0.329) and negatively related to cognitive flexibility (r = −0.286) and physical exercise (r = −0.105). Anxiety symptoms were also negatively related to cognitive flexibility (r = −0.357) and physical exercise (r = −0.114), whereas physical exercise was positively related to cognitive flexibility (r = 0.123). Mediation analysis suggested that cognitive flexibility may statistically mediate the link between BrainRot and anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, physical exercise moderated the path from BrainRot to cognitive flexibility and the direct path from BrainRot to anxiety symptoms, showing pathway-specific patterns. Conditional indirect effects through cognitive flexibility were observed at low, mean, and high levels of physical exercise, suggesting that physical exercise may play a pathway-specific role in shaping the associations among BrainRot, cognitive flexibility, and anxiety symptoms. Discussion These findings deepen our understanding of the pathway-specific role of physical exercise in the associations among BrainRot, cognitive flexibility, and anxiety symptoms, and may inform future strategies for adolescent mental health promotion.