A Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Method Based on S-LE-EGWO Jointly Optimizing VMD, MCKD and SVM

Vollständiger Abstract

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To overcome the nonlinear and non-stationary characteristics of rolling bearing vibration signals and the challenge of extracting incipient weak fault features, this paper proposes a joint fault diagnosis method based on Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD), Maximum Correlated Kurtosis Deconvolution (MCKD) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Different from most existing studies that separately optimize individual stages of the fault diagnosis workflow, the proposed method adopts a multi-strategy enhanced grey wolf algorithm (S-LE-EGWO) to collaboratively tune parameters for multiple key modules within a unified framework. Firstly, taking the minimum envelope entropy as the fitness function, the S-LE-EGWO algorithm is utilized to optimize the mode number K and penalty factor α of VMD to realize adaptive decomposition of vibration signals. Secondly, kurtosis combined with the correlation coefficient is adopted to select effective. Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF), and the signal is reconstructed based on the screened components. Then, the S-LE-EGWO algorithm is employed to optimize the parameters of MCKD to realize effective extraction of periodic fault impulses. Finally, multi-dimensional fault features are extracted, dimension-reduced by Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA), and fed into the optimized SVM classifier to complete fault identification. Feature-oriented mechanism analysis is carried out using simulation signals, and the proposed method is validated on the CWRU rolling-bearing dataset, with comparative investigations against four mainstream optimization-based diagnostic algorithms. The test results show that the proposed method can effectively mine weak fault features of bearings. Compared with other algorithms, the presented method achieves superior identification performance and possesses favorable recognition capability for incipient weak faults, which can realize the classification of bearing faults.