The association between sleep quality, somatic symptoms and self-efficacy among staff nurses: The mediating role of resilience

Vollständiger Abstract

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Background: Nurses frequently face various work-related stressors, including managing interactions with patients and their families, substantial responsibilities, shift work, and overtime. which have detrimental impacts on their sleep quality. Aim: This study aims to examine the interrelationships between sleep quality, somatic symptoms, self-efficacy, and resilience among staff nurses in the Al Qassim region, and to investigate the mediating role of resilience in these relationships. Setting: Data were collected through an online survey of nursing personnel working in healthcare institutions in the AL Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 215 staff nurses. Materials and Methods: Data were collected using an online questionnaire that included the Brief Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Somatic Symptom Scale-8, General Self-Efficacy Short Scale-3, and Brief Resilience Scale. Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and bootstrapped mediation analysis were employed. Results: The findings revealed that the highest percentage reported moderate sleep quality (61.9%), a high to very high level of symptom burden (41.9%), moderate to high self-efficacy (27.4% and 32.1%, respectively), and moderate resilience (67.4%). Resilience significantly mediated the relationships between sleep quality and both outcomes. Specifically, the indirect effects were statistically significant for self-efficacy (β = −0.072, 95% CI [−0.108, −0.039], P < 0.001) and somatic symptoms (β =0.047, 95% CI [0.027, 0.081], P < 0.001), with confidence intervals that didn’t include zero. Conclusion: The study concludes that resilience serves as a crucial mechanism that mediates the relationships among poor sleep quality, diminished self-efficacy, and heightened somatic symptoms, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to support nurses’ mental health and professional efficacy.