A Literature Review of Recent Advances in Cell Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus

Vollständiger Abstract

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With the rising global prevalence of obesity and population aging, the number of patients with diabetes mellitus, a common chronic metabolic disorder, keeps rising and imposes mounting pressure on clinical medical services. Although current pharmacological interventions and insulin replacement therapy can effectively control blood glucose levels, they cannot fundamentally repair the functional defects of pancreatic islet β-cells, nor can they cure the disease. Under these circumstances, cell-based therapy has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of biomedical science in recent years, as it can substitute for islet function and thereby achieve long-term glycemic regulation. This article summarizes the clinical development, technical principles, and experimental results of various approaches, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of different methods. Meanwhile, this paper discusses the shortcomings of cell therapy at the present stage. On this basis, the future development trends of diabetes cell therapy are predicted, providing a reference for subsequent research and clinical translation.