Método ONI® – Organização Neurointegrativa Neonatal: proposição de um modelo conceitual para o cuidado fisioterapêutico em neuroproteção para recém-nascidos internados em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal.

Vollständiger Abstract

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The survival of premature and critically ill newborns has increased significantly in recent decades due to advances in neonatal intensive care. However, early exposure to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) environment can interfere with central nervous system development, making the adoption of strategies focused on neuroprotection and developmental care essential. Although various interventions are widely described in the literature, there is a lack of a conceptual model that organizes—from the perspective of neonatal intensive physical therapy—the integration among posture, neurosensory stimuli, behavioral organization, and functional mobility during newborn care. This article aims to propose the ONI® Method (Neonatal Neurointegrative Organization) as a conceptual model of physical therapy care in neonatal neuroprotection. The method is grounded in five interdependent pillars: Postural Organization, Neurosensory Organization, Emotional and Behavioral Organization, Functional Mobility Compatible with Gestational Age, and Care Accessibility and Reproducibility. The operationalization of the ONI® Method utilizes three integrated resources: the nest, as an element of spatial organization and containment; the synthetic sheepskin-type sensory surface, as a resource for comfort and tactile experience; and the tubular elastic bandage, as a resource for dynamic containment, circumferential proprioceptive stimulation, and preservation of functional freedom of movement. These resources do not constitute the method itself, but rather integrate its operational strategy to foster an organized sensorimotor environment, evoking, in an adapted and safe manner, mechanical and sensory characteristics experienced during intrauterine life. It is concluded that the ONI® Method represents a conceptual proposition designed to organize physical therapy practice in neonatal neuroprotection, providing a theoretical and operational framework for future clinical validation studies and the development of evidence-based care protocols.