Bilateral Iliac Osteomyelitis with Gluteal Abscess in a Neonate: A Case Report

Vollständiger Abstract

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Introduction: Iliac osteomyelitis is a rare entity in neonate with fulgurant progression associated with severe sequelae if left untreated. Clinical case: We report the case of bilateral iliac osteomyelitis in a three‑week‑old neonate who presented with a two-week history of a swollen, firm tender right buttock with reduced limb mobility. Laboratory investigations showed an inflammatory syndrome and negative GenXpert. Pelvic X-ray and hip ultrasound studies demonstrated lytic lesions of the iliac wings and a right gluteal abscess, without joint effusion or hip dislocation. Bacteriological features confirmed a septic iliac wings osteomyelitis. Subsequent aspiration of pus was performed, in addition to intravenous antibiotic therapy, before surgical debridement. However, treatment was discontinued because of parental noncompliance. Conclusion: Septic iliac osteomyelitis is a surgical emergency that should not be overlooked and should be considered in neonates presenting with an inflammatory buttock mass. Delayed diagnosis significantly worsens both the functional and vital prognosis. Keywords: iliac osteomyelitis, neonate, gluteal abscess.