Sintomatología del síndrome de burnout en el personal de enfermería en el marco de psiquiatría

Vollständiger Abstract

Worum geht es in dieser Arbeit?

Burnout Syndrome (BS) has become a significant occupational health problem among nursing professionals, particularly in the psychiatric field, where emotional demands, clinical complexity, and workload increase the risk of professional burnout. In this context, this article aimed to analyze the symptomatology of Burnout Syndrome in nursing staff responsible for the care of psychiatric patients, as well as to identify the factors that contribute to its development and the impact of the care provided. To this end, a systematic review with a qualitative approach was conducted on the scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025, using the PRISMA methodology for article identification and selection. Thirty-eight relevant publications from academic databases such as PubMed, Elsevier, SciELO, Redalyc, Scopus, ResearchGate, institutional repositories, and Google Scholar were included. All articles met the inclusion criteria and directly addressed risk factors, clinical manifestations, and consequences in psychiatric nursing. The findings showed that burnout in the psychiatric setting is related to psychosocial and organizational factors, including high workload, continuous exposure to psychiatric crises, limited institutional support, and constant staff turnover. The main manifestations are grouped into three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and diminished personal accomplishment, accompanied by persistent fatigue, restlessness, and irritability. These factors negatively impact the well-being of professionals, increase the likelihood of clinical errors, and jeopardize patient safety.