Onkologie: neue Gesundheitspublikationen – Seite 12

27.08.2026journal-article

Bioengineering

DTARNU-Net: Dense Tiered Attention Residual Nested U-Net for CT Liver Tumor Segmentation

Kumar P, Robert P, Parthasarathy Ramadass, Mohd Anul Haq

Liver tumor segmentation is a significant task in clinical imaging that involves detecting liver tumors and distinguishing them from the surrounding liver tissue in CT scans. Precision segmentation performs important roles in the initial detection of liver cancer, treatment planning, and monitoring disease development, which also supports doctors, facilitating surgeries and radiation therapy more efficiently. Meanwhile, clinical imaging and segmentation algorithms have been enhanced over the years. The currently pr …

27.08.2026journal-article

Clinical Cancer Research

A Phase 1 First-Time-in-Human, Open-Label Study of Nelistotug Administered to Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors

Lillian L. Siu, Omid Hamid, Reva Schneider, Jordi Rodon. Ahnert, Scott A. Laurie, Frank Stephen. Hodi, Dong-Wan Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn, Gary Carlson, Hussein Assi, Hamza Khan, Patrick Hanafin, Emily Moore, Madhu Ramaswamy, Reza Mozaffari, Stefan Zajic, Arindam Dhar, Ivan Diaz Padilla, Noboru Yamamoto

Abstract Purpose: This first-in-human, nonrandomized, multicenter study investigated nelistotug (anti-CD96 monoclonal antibody [mAb]) as monotherapy (Arm A) and in combination with dostarlimab (anti-PD-1 mAb) (Arm B), and dostarlimab plus belrestotug (anti-TIGIT mAb) (Arm F) in patients with recurrent or advanced solid tumors. Patients and Methods: Patients received intravenous doses every 3 weeks of nelistotug 2.1–1400 mg, nelistotug 70–1400 mg plus dostarlimab 500 mg, or nelistotug 1400 mg plus dostarlimab 500 mg …

27.08.2026journal-article

PLOS One

Expedited pathway portfolios, trial complexity, and FDA approval timelines in oncology and neurology: A comparative analysis

Ahmed M. Sayed, Nada M. Ezzelarab, Nguyen Tien Huy

FDA expedited programs are intended to facilitate development and review for therapies addressing serious conditions with unmet medical need, but their use may depend on whether the evidentiary package is compatible with regulatory acceleration. We compared FDA original approvals in oncology and neurology from 2015 to 2024 to evaluate whether differences in approval timing reflected expedited pathway portfolio intensity, pivotal evidence architecture, or alignment between the two. We conducted a retrospective compa …

27.08.2026journal-article

Neuro-Oncology

150 The Value of Early Biological Information in Glioblastoma Drug Development: A Health Economic Evaluation of Window-of-Opportunity Trials

Melyda Melyda, Sue Jowett, Peter Auguste, Victoria Wykes, Collin Watts, Gary Middleton, Vinton Cheng

Abstract Introduction Window-of-opportunity (WoO) trials are increasingly proposed in glioblastoma drug development to test early biological activity (tumour penetration and target engagement), before progression to large, costly late-phase trials. While WoO designs may improve early decision-making, they introduce additional operational complexity and upfront costs. Their economic value remains uncertain. Methods An early decision-analytic model was developed to assess the cost-effectiveness of incorporating a WoO …

27.08.2026journal-article

Cancer Research

Phase Separation of ZBED2 Stabilizes ILK to Drive Metastasis and Immune Evasion in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Taoyang Xu, Xueping Luo, Mao Lin, Jiao-Jiao Xu, Li Qiu, Huining Liu, Qier Mu, Tong Yang, Jiaxi Chen, Wangcheng He, Siyuan Ma, Shengyuan Jiang, Jing Yang, Yan He, Can-Can Zheng, Xingyang Xue, Xin Hao, Lian Zhang, Jun Liu, Bin Li, Wenwen Xu

Abstract Metastasis remains a leading cause of mortality in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), underscoring the urgent need to elucidate the molecular mechanisms driving disease progression. In this study, we delineated that zinc finger BED-type containing 2 (ZBED2), a zinc finger protein, correlates with inferior survival outcomes and metastasis in patients with ESCC. ZBED2 formed phase-separated nuclear condensates that functionally promote tumor metastasis, and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) …

27.08.2026journal-article

Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice

Pharmaceutical care in patients with gastric cancer treated with capecitabine: A randomized clinical trial

Patrícia Kaiser Pedroso Cava, Camille Nigri Cursino, Larissa Dos Santos Sebould Marinho, Ana Clara Duarte Dos Santos, Ariela Dutra Norberto De Oliveira, Larissa Rodrigues Nascimento, Vanessa Cristiane Da Silva Ferreira, Dulce Helena Nunes Couto, Jessica Pronestino De Lima Moreira, Thaísa Amorim Nogueira, Selma Rodrigues De Castilho, Sabrina Calil-Elias

Introduction Cancer poses a major challenge to global health, impacting individuals, communities and societies worldwide. A significant proportion of global morbidity and mortality from neoplasms is accounted for by gastrointestinal tumors, due to their high incidence and lethality. Capecitabine, an oral antineoplastic agent, has brought advances in treatment, but requires caution regarding adherence and adverse events. In this context, it is believed that pharmaceutical care can significantly contribute to optimiz …

27.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Endocrinology

Case Report: Pasireotide treatment in neonatal congenital hyperinsulinism due to a homozygous ABCC8 mutation

Calvin Kurz, Marcia Roeper, Lisa Friesl, Ertan Mayatepek, Thomas Meissner, Sebastian Kummer, Henrike Hoermann, Alena Welters

Mutations in ABCC8 and KCNJ11 are associated with the most severe and diazoxide-resistant forms of congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI). Somatostatin analogues are commonly used off-label as second-line treatment. While octreotide and lanreotide are the most established options, pasireotide—a second-generation somatostatin analogue with higher affinity for somatostatin receptor subtype 5—has been hypothesized to offer improved suppression of insulin secretion. We report the off-label use of subcutaneous pasireotide in …

27.08.2026journal-article

Cancers

Personalized Oncology: Organizing Cancer Treatment Around Patient Biology

Julianna Lisziewicz, Oliver Wueseke, Franco Lori

Clinical guidelines remain the foundation of evidence-based oncology, translating population-derived evidence into treatment recommendations for defined patient groups. However, patients with rare cancers, complex tumor biology, or treatment-refractory disease may reach a point at which applicable evidence is limited, or guideline-recommended treatment options have been exhausted. We propose Personalized Oncology as a complementary framework for treatment selection in these situations. Rather than asking only which …

27.08.2026journal-article

International Journal of Clinical Oncology

Proteinuria as the cause of early dose modification in Japanese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with fruquintinib: a multicenter real-world study

Shohei Udagawa, Chihiro Ishizuka, Hiroki Osumi, Toshiharu Hirose, Natsuko Okita, Hidekazu Hirano, Hirokazu Shoji, Ken Kato, Koichiro Yoshino, Keitaro Shimozaki, Shota Fukuoka, Takeru Wakatsuki, Mariko Ogura, Akira Ooki, Keisho Chin, Kensei Yamaguchi, Atsuo Takashima, Eiji Shinozaki

Abstract Background Fruquintinib has demonstrated survival benefits in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in phase III trials. However, real-world data in Japanese patients remain limited. This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of fruquintinib in routine clinical practice. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study at two cancer centers. Patients treated with fruquintinib for mCRC between November 2024 and December 2025 were included. Clinical outcomes and …

27.08.2026journal-article

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Looking back on the history of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in lung cancer

Roy S. Herbst, Meina Wang, Katerina Politi

Abstract The discovery of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) represents a landmark achievement in biomedical science, laying the foundation for one of the most transformative success stories in oncology. From the early isolation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) by Stanley Cohen and colleagues to the cloning of EGFR and its identification as a receptor tyrosine kinase, these pioneering studies revealed its central role in cellular growth and proliferation and ultimately linked EGFR signalling to cancer. Ear …

27.08.2026journal-article

International Journal of Cancer

The Africa We Want : A Perspective on the African Code Against Cancer To Be Developed for Sub‐Saharan Africa

Anthony Kityo, Phyllis Ohene‐Agyei, Felix M. Onyije, Hannah Simba, Annet Nakaganda, Denis Chopera, Kofi Mensah Nyarko, Benido Impouma, Mary Nyangasi, Blandina Mmbaga, Valerie McCormack, Cesaltina Lorenzoni, Miriam Mutebi, Joachim Schüz, Carolina Espina

ABSTRACT Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) faces a unique cancer burden, characterized by a disproportionately high mortality‐to‐incidence ratio, a large share of infection‐related cancers, and distinct environmental exposures. Implementation of national policies on primary prevention is limited, and public literacy regarding cancer risk and curability remains low. Furthermore, the implementation of existing prevention and treatment interventions is hindered by resource constraints and deeply rooted cultural beliefs. Thus, …

27.08.2026journal-article

Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education

An innovative course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) in HPV-associated cervical cancer: integrating molecular oncology research and scientific writing in undergraduate education

Sadaf Khursheed Baba, Tooba Jawwad, Asma Al Menhali, Sameer Mirza

ABSTRACT Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) widen access to authentic research by embedding open-ended investigations into undergraduate curricula. Here, we describe a semester-long CURE in cancer biology that integrates molecular biology techniques, data analysis, and structured scientific writing within an upper-level undergraduate course. Students engaged in the study of HPV-associated cervical carcinogenesis by investigating the role of a candidate gene using siRNA-mediated knockdown and qu …

27.08.2026journal-article

Razi Medical Journal

Efficacy of Methotrexate Treatment in Women with Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy, University Hospital, Tripoli, Libya

Noura Elawam

The use of methotrexate for the treatment of women with tubal ectopic pregnancies is now common practice. However, the clinical and hormonal determinants of the success of this treatment are not known. Methods: We studied 120 women with tubal ectopic pregnancies who were treated with methotrexate intramuscularly according to a single-dose protocol. Pretreatment serum concentrations of human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone, the size and volume of the gestational mass, fetal cardiac activity, and the presence …

27.08.2026journal-article

Neuro-Oncology

94 Outcome of patients with metastatic lung cancer presenting with synchronous brain metastases – A single centre; 5 year retrospective analysis

Harriet Hebbes, Sara Walters, Patrick Forster, Jillian Maclean, James Powell, Sahar Iqbal

Abstract Introduction Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with synchronous brain metastases (BM) impacts prognosis and therapeutic considerations. Up to 20% patients with NSCLC may develop BM. Clinical trials of whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT), neurosurgical resection and stereotactic radiosurgery outdate the recent advances in systemic therapy for NSCLC. Methods Retrospective data was collected on all patients with NSCLC who presented with synchronous BM between 2017-2022. This included demographics, his …

27.08.2026journal-article

Neuro-Oncology

39 Barriers to participation in research: the experience of people with brain tumours

Clair Thorstensen-Woll, Marcus Cahill-Evans

Abstract Introduction Brain tumours remain the biggest cancer killer of people under 40, with minimal survival improvements over recent decades. Despite the critical role of research in advancing understanding, improving treatments and ultimately, patient outcomes, many people diagnosed with brain tumours experience significant barriers to participating in research activities such as clinical trials or tissue donation. This report explores the systemic and patient-centred barriers that hinder research participation …

27.08.2026journal-article

Neuro-Oncology

57 The role of the Clinical Nurse Specialist in neuro-oncology: Insights from a UK-wide review of adult brain tumour services (2020-2026)

Catharine James, Charlotte Robinson, Jillian Sokratous, Andrew Wright, Eloise Lines, Shona Floyd, Camille Goetz, Nicky Huskens

Abstract Introduction Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNSs) are central to coordinating complex neuro-oncology pathways, yet national data on capacity and roles are lacking. We aimed to examine variation in CNS capacity, team structure, responsibilities, and training across UK adult brain tumour services. Method Data were collected from 25 NHS neuro-oncology centres (covering more than 90% of the UK population) in 2020–2026 through the Tessa Jowell Centre of Excellence programme, supplemented by national patient experi …

27.08.2026journal-article

Neuro-Oncology

122 Surgical Outcomes for High Grade Glioma in Patients Aged 70 Years and Older: A 10 Year Single Centre Cohort Study

Hazem Eid, Attika Chaudhary, Mohammad Ashraf, Meghan Minnis, Muitu Asha, Ahmed Elbelkasy, Athanasios Grivas, Edward Jerome St George

Abstract Background High‑grade gliomas are increasingly diagnosed in older adults, but surgical risks and benefits beyond age 70 remain uncertain. This study reports a 10‑year single‑centre experience of surgical management and outcomes in patients aged ≥70 years with high‑grade glioma. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted for patients aged ≥70 years who underwent surgery for WHO grade 3–4 glioma between 2015–2025. Data included demographics, performance status, tumour features, surgical strategy ( …

27.08.2026journal-article

Neuro-Oncology

167 Improving safe delivery of steroids and side effect management in brain tumour patients

Louise Dulley, Nicole Lingwood, Kim Grove, Seema Rawat

Abstract Background Dexamethasone’s role in improving tumour related oedema has been known for more than four decades. Unfortunately steroids come with numerous and well recognised side effects. In a busy clinic it is difficult to ensure they are monitored thoroughly, leading to a potentially serious toxicity such as vertebral fracture or weight gain, or life threatening side effects relating hyperglycaemia. Patients can also find it difficult to manage frequent dosing changes leading to accidental over or underdos …

27.08.2026journal-article

BMC Cancer

Integrative feature-enhanced network model predicting prostate biopsy results in patients with negative MRI

Haoxin Zheng, Qi Miao, Alex Hung, Kai Zhao, Fabien Scalzo, Steven S. Raman, Kyunghyun Sung

Abstract Background According to the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System, version 2.1 (PI-RADS v2.1), lesions with an intermediate or high level of suspicion (PI-RADS $$\ge$$ 3) typically undergo MRI-targeted biopsy, with or without systematic biopsies. However, among patients with negative multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI) (PI-RADS < 3), there exists a current lack of consensus regarding the circumstances under which systematic biopsies should be performed, which leads to unnecessary biopsies and patient morbidi …

27.08.2026journal-article

Inquiry@Queen's Undergraduate Research Conference Proceedings

The Cancer-Related Experiences of Visible Minorities in Canada

Rishta Bhusal, Falaq Mansuri

Background: Cancer care is multifaceted, encompassing screening, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship. While advances in research have led to improved cancer care experiences, social determinants of health influence health outcomes, revealing disparities among marginalized populations. Of note, visible minorities experience socio-contextual and systemic barriers to care. Despite increased attention to these inequities, relevant literature has not been synthesized, revealing a need for a comprehensive review. This …

27.08.2026journal-article

BJUI Compass

Salvage prostate therapies for local pelvic recurrence after primary radiation for prostate cancer

Jamie Michael, Kathryn Fink, Vivian Wan, Sai K. S. R. Kaushik, Clayton Neill, Yutai Li, Ridwan Alam, David J. VanderWeele, Shilajit Kundu, Ashley E. Ross

Abstract Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate salvage treatment after primary radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer within our hospital system. Specifically, we aim to evaluate treatment patterns, oncologic outcomes and complications. Materials and methods We retrospectively identified men with post‐RT recurrence treated with salvage radical prostatectomy (sRP), seminal vesiculectomy, cryoablation, high‐dose‐rate brachytherapy (HDR) or irreversible electroporation (IRE). Salvage failure was defi …

27.08.2026journal-article

Qualitative Health Research

Praise as Pathway: Caregiver Language and Identity Construction in Pediatric Cancer Narratives

Isha Jayakumar, Hannah Taylor

This qualitative interpretive study examines how praise functions in pediatric cancer narratives, focusing on two caregiver-authored blogs, Dominic’s Journey with AML and Superman Sam. The analysis identifies a longitudinal progression in which praise evolves from process-focused coping language into heroic, communal, and elegiac identity framing across treatment, crisis, and loss. These findings extend developmental and clinical work on praise, mindset, and metaphor into the underexplored domain of pediatric recov …

27.08.2026journal-article

Neuro-Oncology

25 Imaging Tumour-Associated Macrophages in Gliomas and Vestibular Schwannomas Using Ferumoxytol-Enhanced MRI

James Breese, Daniel Lewis, William Lloyd, Rainer Hinz, Andrew Tyler, Xiaoping Zhu, Ka-Loh Li, Bandar Alfaifi, Ibahim Djoukhadar, Andrew King, Alan Jackson, David Coope

Abstract Introduction Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a central role in brain tumour growth, immune evasion and therapeutic resistance, with a paucity of clinically translatable, non-invasive methods to assess TAM-related inflammation in vivo. One promising approach is ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (USPIO)-enhanced MRI. Ferumoxytol, a commercially available USPIO, is used off label as an MRI contrast agent and exhibits prolonged intravascular circulation prior to extravasation and s …

Was ist neu im Gesundheitswesen?

Aktuelle Forschung nach Fachgebiet

DTARNU-Net: Dense Tiered Attention Residual Nested U-Net for CT Liver Tumor Segmentation

A Phase 1 First-Time-in-Human, Open-Label Study of Nelistotug Administered to Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors

Expedited pathway portfolios, trial complexity, and FDA approval timelines in oncology and neurology: A comparative analysis

150 The Value of Early Biological Information in Glioblastoma Drug Development: A Health Economic Evaluation of Window-of-Opportunity Trials

Phase Separation of ZBED2 Stabilizes ILK to Drive Metastasis and Immune Evasion in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Pharmaceutical care in patients with gastric cancer treated with capecitabine: A randomized clinical trial

Case Report: Pasireotide treatment in neonatal congenital hyperinsulinism due to a homozygous ABCC8 mutation

Personalized Oncology: Organizing Cancer Treatment Around Patient Biology

Proteinuria as the cause of early dose modification in Japanese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with fruquintinib: a multicenter real-world study

Looking back on the history of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in lung cancer

The Africa We Want : A Perspective on the African Code Against Cancer To Be Developed for Sub‐Saharan Africa

An innovative course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) in HPV-associated cervical cancer: integrating molecular oncology research and scientific writing in undergraduate education

Efficacy of Methotrexate Treatment in Women with Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy, University Hospital, Tripoli, Libya

94 Outcome of patients with metastatic lung cancer presenting with synchronous brain metastases – A single centre; 5 year retrospective analysis

39 Barriers to participation in research: the experience of people with brain tumours

57 The role of the Clinical Nurse Specialist in neuro-oncology: Insights from a UK-wide review of adult brain tumour services (2020-2026)

122 Surgical Outcomes for High Grade Glioma in Patients Aged 70 Years and Older: A 10 Year Single Centre Cohort Study

167 Improving safe delivery of steroids and side effect management in brain tumour patients

Integrative feature-enhanced network model predicting prostate biopsy results in patients with negative MRI

The Cancer-Related Experiences of Visible Minorities in Canada

Salvage prostate therapies for local pelvic recurrence after primary radiation for prostate cancer

Praise as Pathway: Caregiver Language and Identity Construction in Pediatric Cancer Narratives

25 Imaging Tumour-Associated Macrophages in Gliomas and Vestibular Schwannomas Using Ferumoxytol-Enhanced MRI