Journal of Mid-life Health
Role of Transvaginal Three-dimensional Power Doppler Ultrasound and Hysteroscopy in Postmenopausal Bleeding
A BSTRACT Background: Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) is a warning symptom and is associated with endometrial malignancy in 10%–15% of cases. Endometrial thickness (ET) measurement using transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) guides the course of action, with ET >4 mm being ominous. Three-dimensional power Doppler (3DPD) ultrasound raises diagnostic utility with endometrial volume (EV) and vascularity indices-vascularization index (VI), flow Index (FI) and vascularization FI (VFI), while hysteroscopy provides a direct view of …