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24 neue Nachweise auf dieser Seite Publiziert in den letzten 30 Tagen Neueste zuerst Crossref DOI
21.08.2026journal-article

Palliative Medicine

The economic costs of unpaid cancer caregiving: A qualitative study

Cara Madeleine Platts, Anna Collins, Chris Schilling, Brian Le, Sue-Anne McLachlan, Louise Dillon, Samantha Chandler, Terry Maher, Clare Gardiner, Jennifer Philip

Background: Unpaid caregivers play a crucial role in providing care for people with life-limiting illnesses such as cancer, yet their economic contributions are rarely recognised in economic evaluations, leaving caregivers to shoulder significant direct and indirect costs. Aim: To explore the direct and indirect costs experienced by unpaid caregivers of people with cancer receiving palliative care. Design: A qualitative study underpinned by a social constructivist framework, reported in line with COREQ and RTARG gu …

21.08.2026journal-article

Journal of Intelligent Decision Making and Information Science

Attention-Guided Mask R-CNN for Liver Tumor Segmentation and Classification from CT Scans: A Tailored Approach

Babeetta Bbhagat

Computed tomography (CT) images have poor tissue contrasts, irregular appearance of lesions, and unclear tumor borders which limit reliable diagnosis of liver malignancy. This paper introduces an attention-controlled automated liver tumor segmentation and classification based on a customized Mask Region Convolutional Neural Network (tm-RCNN) with an addition of Multi-Scale Attention Gate (MSAG). To increase the local contrast and reduce artifacts caused by acquisition, adaptive histogram equalization is used. The s …

21.08.2026journal-article

Indian Journal of Palliative Care

Medical Costs of Palliative and Hospice Care versus Usual Care in Terminal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nurlelasari Harahap, Vebby Amelia Edwin, Halimatun Syakdiyah Harahap

To evaluate medical costs associated with palliative care (PC) and hospice care (HC) compared with usual care among patients with terminal cancer, while accounting for variations in cost definitions and models of care. A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies were conducted. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest (January 2010–July 2025). Eligible studies compared the medical costs of palliative or hospice care with usual care in adult terminal cancer patients. Care …

21.08.2026journal-article

World Journal of Gastroenterology

Letter to the Editor: Mechanistic insights into tumor necrosis factor-α-mediated islet β-cell apoptosis in acute pancreatitis-associated abnormal glucose metabolism

Peng Zhang, Shang-Ming Liu

The study by Chen et al , published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology , which systematically elucidate the role of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in abnormal glucose metabolism following acute pancreatitis, demonstrating that TNF-α induces islet β-cell apoptosis through activation of the Bax / Bcl-2 /caspase-3 pathway. While these findings provide mechanistic insights, the study’s scope remains limited by insufficient investigation into upstream/ downstream TNF-α signaling, including the …

21.08.2026journal-article

Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology

Steven‐Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in a Patient Treated With Cabozantinib: A Case Report of a Fatal Adverse Reaction

Alberto Zambudio‐Munuera, Miguel Herráez‐Marcos, Miguel Angel Arrabal‐Polo, Francisco Gutiérrez‐Tejero, Miguel Arrabal‐Martín

ABSTRACT Cabozantinib is a multikinase inhibitor with high efficacy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. We present the case of a 53‐year‐old patient undergoing second‐line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma who presented with extensive skin lesions consistent with Stevens–Johnson syndrome, confirmed by biopsy. He presented a torpid course, progressing to toxic epidermal necrolysis and subsequent death despite supportive measures and immunoglobulin treatment. Although cabozantinib can cause …

21.08.2026journal-article

International Journal of Surgery Case Reports

3D-printed navicular replacement for giant cell tumor: a case report on a feasible indication and surgical outcome

Tran Quang Sang Nguyen, Nhat Anh Luong, Duc Huy Le, Sy Quyen Nang Vo, Trung Hieu Pham, Trung Dung Tran

Introduction and importance: Giant cell tumor of the navicular is extremely rare and difficult to manage due to the complex biomechanics of the midfoot. Conventional curettage carries a high recurrence risk. This report presents a feasible approach using total navicular replacement for a giant cell tumor, offering a solution for achieving both oncologic control and functional reconstruction. Case presentation: A 32-year-old man presented with progressive midfoot pain and a Campanacci grade II giant cell tumor confi …

21.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Immunology

From gut microbiota-driven mucosal barrier disruption to myeloid-dominant immunosuppressive niches in colorectal cancer

Na Lu, Lei Zhang, Hanyu Sun, Yuwenshu Zhou, Panli He, Changrui Zhao, Yue Wang

Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops within a mucosal ecosystem in which epithelial barrier function, colonizing microbes, inflammatory signaling, and immune cell composition are closely interdependent. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly altered treatment outcomes in patients with mismatch repair-deficient or microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) CRC, but most microsatellite-stable (MSS) tumors still respond poorly, and this is not solely due to lower antigenicity. This article explains this gap mec …

21.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Oncology

Visual and lesion descriptor fusion using cross-attention for skin disease diagnosis

Maira Afzal, Jamal Hussain Shah, Rabia Saleem, Muhammad Usman Younas, Ali Tahir, Mutaz Elradi S. Saeed

Introduction Accurate and early diagnosis of skin disease remains a significant challenge in clinical dermatology due to variation in skin tones and visual similarity among disease lesion types. Dermatologists rely on both clinical expertise and advanced diagnostic tools to achieve reliable diagnosis. To assist in the early diagnosis, many researchers have proposed traditional computer vision methods; however, these approaches remain limited due to the wide range of conditions and the overlapping of early-stage sym …

21.08.2026journal-article

The Ukrainian Journal of Clinical Surgery

Multistage Reconstruction of the Anterior Urethra Using Buccal Grafts in the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Injuries Resulting from Combat Trauma

A. A. Kobirnichenko, V. V. Bondarchuk

Objective. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of multistage anterior urethral reconstruction using buccal grafts in the treatment of complex post-traumatic injuries resulting from combat trauma.Materials and Methods. A retrospective, two-center study was conducted based on an analysis of treatment outcomes in 14 patients with post-traumatic strictures and defects of the anterior urethra resulting from bullet, shrapnel, or blast injuries. The injuries were localized in the penile segment of the urethra in …

21.08.2026journal-article

Oncogenesis

A novel combinatorial treatment for Neurofibromatosis type 1 tumours revealed through cross-species genetic analysis

Megan Stevens, Sebastian Oltean, Benjamin E. Housden

Abstract Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a multisystem genetic disorder associated with a wide range of symptoms, including the formation of tumours along nerves. These tumours can affect nerve function, leading to pain and loss of sensory or motor capacity. Drug treatments are currently limited, and relatively few new targets have emerged for NF1 tumours despite intensive research. Therefore, new drugs to target NF1 -deficient tumour cells are urgently required. Here, we have used a cross-species screening strat …

21.08.2026journal-article

Journal of the International Child Neurology Association

Spinal muscular atrophy: history and current treatment landscape

Olcay Ünver, Jo Wilmshurst, Haluk Topaloğlu

In recent years, pediatric neurology has witnessed significant advances in the development of disease-modifying therapies, with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) emerging as one of the most impactful conditions in this field. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the history of SMA, highlighting its evolving classification and the genetic basis underlying its clinical variability. Moreover, it outlines the development and clinical trial data of the three Food and Drug Administration- and European Medicines …

21.08.2026journal-article

International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science

PREMENSTRUAL DYSPHORIC DISORDER (PMDD): CURRENT PHARMACOTHERAPY AND EMERGING TREATMENT APPROACHES

Julia Oziębło, Magdalena Kijowska, Karolina Klusek, Michał Batory, Jakub Jakubowski, Karol Kraska, Nadzieja Krasucka, Aleksandra Zynkowska, Aleksandra Magdalena Skrzyniarz, Maria Kiełbus

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a cyclic mood disorder affecting a subset of women in the late luteal phase, marked by severe affective and physical symptoms that resolve with menses. It is distinguished from milder premenstrual syndrome (PMS) by symptom severity and functional impairment. PMDD causes substantial distress: women with PMDD have functional impairments comparable to other depressive disorders and increased work absences, and PMDD is associated with higher rates of suicidal ideation and attem …

21.08.2026journal-article

ACS Applied Bio Materials

Low-Cost Nucleic-Acid-Based Radial Flow Assay for the Detection of GSTP1 Promoter DNA Methylation in Prostate Cancer

Debashree Kar, Prashant Mishra

Abstract DNA methylation of the glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) promoter is a widely studied epigenetic biomarker for prostate cancer; however, its direct detection in genomic DNA remains analytically challenging without complex chemical or amplification-based workflows. Here, we report a nucleic acid-based radial flow assay (NABRFA) that enables visual and pattern-based detection of gene-specific DNA methylation using gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-conjugated oligonucleotide probes. Thiol-modified single-stranded …

21.08.2026journal-article

Langmuir

Forsythia suspensa -Derived Carbon Dot Nanozyme for Periodontitis Treatment via Antioxidative and Macrophage-Polarizing Activities

Zifan Chen, Jingmin Wang, Yuqing Hu, Keming Chen, Min Zhang, Yongzhong Wang

Abstract Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and immune dysregulation. Carbon dots derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) integrate the functional chemical features of herbal precursors with the favorable physicochemical properties of nanomaterials. As an exemplary case, we hydrothermally synthesized Forsythia suspensa-derived carbon dots (Fo-CDs), which exhibited a high superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity of 340 U/mg, along with catal …

21.08.2026journal-article

Suranaree Journal of Science and Technology

EXPLAINABLE MACHINE LEARNING FOR NON-INVASIVE PROSTATE CANCER DETECTION USING SIGNAL-DERIVED VOC FEATURES

Settawut Chalermwat, Chatiwat Piyarom, Watcharapong Anakkamatee, Anawin Pechbooranin, Sekdusit Aekgawong

The present study aimed to develop an explainable artificial intelligence (AI) model by using urinary volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles for non-invasive prostate cancer (PCa) detection. A total of 123 participants were included: 29 with PCa, 67 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and 27 healthy controls. Urinary VOC signals were recorded by metal oxide semiconductor sensors across six thermal cycles, generating 120 features per subject. Mutual Information and Random Forest importance identified 15 key f …

21.08.2026journal-article

Cancer Prevention Research

Lung cancer screening uptake in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in community settings

Maria A. Lopez-Olivo, Zhigang Duan, Huifang Lu, Robert J. Volk, Edwin J. Ostrin, Ying Xu, Sharon Giordano, Hui Zhao

Abstract Individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly those with a history of smoking, are at increased risk for lung cancer. However, real-world data on the use of low dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening for lung cancer in this population are lacking. Therefore, we assessed the rates, trends, and predictors of LDCT screening among patients with a smoking history and RA. A retrospective cohort study using the IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus for Academics Closed Health Plan claims database was conducted. P …

21.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Public Health

Influencing factors of low-dose computed tomography screening behavior among first-degree relatives of lung cancer patients based on the theory of planned behavior: a qualitative study

Si Lin, Yaming He, Weixuan Ye, Xiaokun Wu, Lixue Liang, Yinsong Chen

Objective To explore the factors influencing the screening behavior of first-degree relatives of lung cancer patients toward low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), gain deeper insights into their subjective experiences and core demands, and provide a theoretical basis and improvement measures for enhancing screening participation rates among this high-risk population. Methods Employing a descriptive phenomenological approach, semi-structured interviews were cond …

21.08.2026journal-article

Precision Radiation Oncology

Effects of proton therapy on the tumor immune system and clinical implications: A review

Rundong Liu, Mei Tao, Min Fu, Yingjia Hu, Zhen Tao, Guangyuan Hu

Abstract Proton therapy, an emerging radiation therapy technique, has gained significant attention owing to its unique physical properties and biological effects. This review aims to explore the impact of proton therapy on the tumor immune system and of its combination with other therapies. This review outlines the fundamental principles and oncological applications of proton therapy, followed by an analysis of its impact on the immune system—encompassing draining lymph nodes, peripheral blood immune cells, tumor c …

21.08.2026journal-article

International Journal of Health Management Review

TREATMENT AND CLINICAL MANAGEMENT PROTOCOLS FOR ACUTE VIRAL BRONCHIOLITIS IN INFANTS

Max Dias Lemos, Francisco Yago Assunção Serpa, Agatha Caroline Valanera Teixeira, Giovana Boufet Zanini, Bruna Righi Bisognin, Percílio dos Santos Fernandes Júnior, Taísa Yamaguchi, Layla Monteiro de Andrade, Dayane de Castro Lopes, Maria Eduarda Silva Silton, Valeria Silva da Costa, Aline Halfeld Fernandes Vale, Tallyta Danielly de Sousa Libo, Thiago Felipe de Araújo Figuerêdo, Luísa Mattar Avezum

Objective: To critically review recent scientific evidence regarding treatment protocols and clinical management of acute viral bronchiolitis in infants, emphasizing supportive interventions, pharmacological therapies, respiratory support, and strategies for preventing respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed, employing keywords related to viral bronchiolitis and therapeutic interventions. Priority was given to recent studies addressing the clini …

21.08.2026journal-article

Bioengineering

Functional Vascularization in Tumor Organoid and Tumor-on-Chip Models: Evidence Requirements for Attributing Therapy-Resistance Mechanisms

Yafang Li, Yiyi Yang, Lina Zhao, Zihao Bian, Zongjiu Zhang

Vascularized tumor organoid and tumor-on-chip models are increasingly used to examine treatment response, yet a weak therapeutic effect does not by itself identify the failed transport or biological step. Reduced efficacy may result from inadequate delivery, altered endothelial transport or signaling, stromal protection, impaired immune access or function, tumor-intrinsic resistance, or several processes acting together. A structured literature search and narrative synthesis were combined with a focused qualitative …

21.08.2026journal-article

The Oncologist

IUC26665-90 Global inequalities in prostate cancer incidence and mortality: an ecological analysis

M Hosseini, Y Vaez-Gharamaleki, A Motamedi

Abstract Background To evaluate global inequalities in prostate cancer incidence and mortality across countries with different levels of human development. Methods A cross-sectional ecological study was conducted using country-level data from the World Health Organization Global Cancer Observatory (v1.1) in June 2026. Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) per 100,000 population in 2022 were extracted for prostate cancer. Human Development Index (HDI) was obtained from …

21.08.2026journal-article

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

17β-Estradiol Modulates Cancer Cell–Fibroblast Communication via Autophagy-Mediated Extracellular Vesicle Secretion and Promotes Poor Prognosis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Rosa Vona, Camilla Cittadini, Barbara Ascione, Lucrezia Gambardella, Katia Fecchi, Lucia Bertuccini, Annalisa Tocci, Lorenzo D’Ambrosio, Maria Cristina Gagliardi, Federica Felicetti, Elena Ortona, Paola Nisticò, Anna Maria Mileo, Paola Matarrese

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Smoking is the primary etiological factor, but growing evidence suggests the involvement of estrogen in its development and progression, although its role remains unclear. This study explores: (i) the effects induced by estrogen, namely, 17β-estradiol (E2), alone or in combination with a mixture of inflammatory cytokines (Mix), in two human NSCLC cell lines, A549 and Calu1, and (ii) whether and how tumor cells can modulate the a …

21.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Veterinary Science

Tumor necrosis factor alpha triggers mitochondrial dysfunction and ROS-driven cytokine amplification in bovine fibroblast-like synoviocytes

Natalia Andrea Godoy, Jan Gallastegui, Gabriela Velásquez, Stefanie Teuber, Sebastian Brauchi, John Quiroga, Pablo Alarcón, Gabriel Moran, María Angélica Hidalgo, Juan Hancke, Rafael Agustín Burgos

Lameness in dairy cattle, driven by joint inflammation, involves fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) that produce inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- α ) has been proposed as an early systemic inflammatory marker that precedes and accompanies the development of lameness in transition cows. TNF- α signaling promotes ROS production and amplifies the inflammatory response. However, the role of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) in regulating pro-inflammatory gene expressio …

21.08.2026journal-article

Medicine

Exploration of the mechanism of gut microbiota-mediated immune modulation in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer

Mengwei Cai, Haonan Cheng, Yakang Jia, Tianjian Qiu, Zenghui Liu, Junyan Xu, Hui Li, Zhihao Zhang, Jin Wang

The pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer is complex. While immune dysregulation and gut microbiota disturbances are considered key factors, the causal pathway between them remains unclear. This study employs a 2-step Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to empirically investigate the “immune cells - gut microbiota - pancreatic cancer” mediation pathway from a genetic perspective. Relevant data on 731 immune cell phenotypes (N = 3757), 473 gut microbiota (N=8293), and pancreatic cancer (N = 3,87,888) were extracted fr …