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24 neue Nachweise auf dieser Seite Publiziert in den letzten 30 Tagen Neueste zuerst Crossref DOI
25.08.2026journal-article

Cancers

Can Artificial Intelligence Really Help? A Practicing Radiologist’s Simplified Guide to AI, with a Critical Appraisal of the Use of AI in Cancer-Associated Thromboembolism

Julia H. Miao, Ola A. E. Mohamed, Christopher Straus, Vanessa Peters, Emily Miller, Basant Dawoud, Joshua Brooks, Haidy Megahed, Ahmed Hamimi

Artificial intelligence (AI) has generated considerable excitement in radiology, with claims of transformative improvements in diagnostic accuracy, workflow efficiency, and clinical decision support. However, a critical gap persists between AI’s theoretical promise and its real-world performance, particularly in complex, high-stakes scenarios such as cancer-associated thromboembolism (CAT). CAT is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in oncology patients, yet it remains underdiagnosed on routine imaging. This …

25.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Pharmacology

Oxaliplatin-induced rhabdomyolysis in a postoperative rectal cancer patient: a case report and literature review

Lin Yang, Hongna Han, Zihua Guo, Ming Tian, Weiping Chang, Zhengrong Chen, Chao Sun

This report describes the diagnosis and treatment of rhabdomyolysis associated with intravenous oxaliplatin administration in a patient undergoing postoperative chemotherapy for rectal cancer. The patient was a 73-year-old man who underwent laparoscopic robot-assisted radical resection for rectal cancer, pathologically staged as pT4aN1cM0 (IIIB). Postoperative chemotherapy was administered using the XELOX regimen. During the fourth cycle of chemotherapy, 2 h after completion of oxaliplatin infusion, the patient dev …

25.08.2026journal-article

Advanced Science

Precision Oncology via Radiotherapy‐Triggered Drug Delivery: Mechanisms, Molecular Engineering, and Clinical Translation

Jianv Jiang, Tanfeng Zhang, Junliang Dong, Wenjing Sun

ABSTRACT Radiotherapy‐triggered drug delivery systems (RDDS) promise to integrate the spatial precision of ionizing radiation with controllable pharmacological activation. However, clinical translation remains constrained by its reliance on supra‐clinical irradiation doses. Here, we present a unifying framework redefining RDDS through two distinct paradigms: structural disassembly and molecular actuation. We delineate their radiochemical foundations, highlighting reductive and electron‐driven mechanisms as more rob …

25.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Computational analysis of treatment resistant cancer cells

Alexandre Matov

Introduction Prostate cancer (PC), which is a disease driven by the activity of the androgen receptor (AR), is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy and despite advances in diagnostic and treatment strategies, PC is the second most common cause of cancer mortality in men. Taxane-based chemotherapy is the only chemotherapy that prolongs survival in metastatic PC patients. At the cellular level, taxanes bind to and stabilize microtubules (MTs), inhibiting all MT-dependent intracellular pathways. MTs are highly dynam …

25.08.2026journal-article

Bioinformatics Advances

Leveraging Uncertainty Estimates for Drug Response Prediction in Cancer Cell Lines

Pascal Iversen, Bernhard Y Renard, Katharina Baum

Abstract Motivation Machine learning models for drug response prediction in cancer cell lines could advance precision oncology by tailoring treatments to the molecular tumor profile. Their application is challenged by variability in prediction quality and distribution shifts between training and application. Yet, the most effective uncertainty estimator is domain-specific. We benchmark uncertainty-aware models for drug response prediction. We focus on epistemic uncertainty via ensemble agreement, and aleatoric unce …

25.08.2026journal-article

Advanced Science

Iron‐Tannic Acid Hydrogel Mediated Mild Photothermal Therapy Combined With Ferroptosis Enhances Anti‐Tumor Immunity in Colorectal Cancer

Yuan Zhu, Xi Yu, Tao Wang, Wanyi Liu, Chang Lu, Jiani Zhong, Yujie He, Wei Li, Kunxi Zhang, Peihao Yin, Zeting Yuan

ABSTRACT Postoperative recurrence and metastasis are the primary causes of mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC). And its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) often results in the poor response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). This study designed an injectable and adhesive tannic acid‐iron hydrogel for locally mild photothermal therapy (PTT, ≤ 45°C) and ferroptosis to prevent the postoperative recurrence and metastasis in combination with programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) checkpoint blockade immunother …

25.08.2026journal-article

Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Theranostic Potential of an NAD(P)H‐Activatable Fluorophore: Assessing Cancer Aggressiveness and Triggering Apoptosis

Yujin Cha, Taehoon Oh, Hui Joo Kim, Minju Kang, Shin A Yoon, Yul Lee, Yeon‐Ju Lee, Sun Young Park, Dong‐Sik Shin, Sung‐Kyun Ko, Jiyou Han, Min Hee Lee

ABSTRACT Molecular theranostics, integrating precise diagnosis with targeted therapy, represents a cornerstone of personalized medicine. As a pivotal metabolic cofactor, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H) is intrinsically linked to cancer progression and survival when dysregulated. In this study, we report DE‐CQ , an NAD(P)H‐activatable fluorophore that enables both cancer imaging and apoptosis. DE‐CQ allows the real‐time quantification and visualization of intracellular NAD(P)H, servin …

25.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Oncology

Graph neural networks for multi-scale gene-drug interaction modeling in cancer: applications, challenges, and therapeutic opportunities for breast cancer drug resistance

Priya Rani Das, Md. Jarifur Rahman, Sowhanur Rahman Nirob, Md. Owafeeuzzaman Patwary, Md. Reazul Islam, Md. Shabiul Islam, Nibras Ahmed, Firoz Ahmed

Breast cancer drug resistance remains a major clinical challenge driven by complex genetic, signaling, and microenvironmental interactions. Conventional machine learning and deep learning represent genes, drugs, and patients as independent feature vectors, limiting their ability to capture biological relationships governing therapeutic response. Graph neural networks have emerged as a powerful paradigm by modelling biological systems as interconnected networks rather than isolated entities. This review synthesizes …

25.08.2026journal-article

Canadian Journal of Optometry

Mini-scleral Lenses in the Treatment of Neurotrophic Keratopathy Secondary to Möbius or Möbius-like Syndrome

Elise G. Kramer, Langis Michaud, Vanessa Bachir

Objective: This case report aims to explore the use of large diameter rigid gas permeable lenses (LDRGP) for the treatment of ocular and visual complications in a young patient presenting with neurotrophic corneas. Methods: After a comprehensive eye exam and specific testing for contact lens fitting, LDRGP lenses were fitted with success and dispensed. RESULTS. Prescribed contact lenses helped the patient achieve optimal visual correction (6/6) as well as ocular protection for the cornea. Conclusion: Neurotrophic k …

25.08.2026journal-article

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

ST6GAL1-mediated sialyl linkage switching drives cancer-promoting α2,6-sialo-protrusions radiating from anti-inflammatory TAMs

Priya Dipta, Naaz Bansal, Arthur Chien, Zeynep Sumer-Bayraktar, Hironoshin Onizuka, Daisuke Kasugai, Dominique Marando, Merrina Anugraham, Seong Beom Ahn, Daniel Kolarich, Boaz Tirosh, Rebeca Kawahara, Arun Everest-Dass, Morten Thaysen-Andersen

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are functionally diverse effector cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Pro- and anti-inflammatory TAMs are central to cancer progression by shaping inflammation and immune homeostasis, but it remains unknown if polarization-induced remodeling of the TAM glycocalyx critical for cellular communication and interactions occurs within the TME. Taking a systems glycobiology approach, we first used cell surface-focused glycomics and lectin flow cytometry of ex vivo polarized monoc …

25.08.2026journal-article

Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health

Long-term exposure to PM2.5-bound metals and female breast cancer incidence in New Mexico, USA

Yanhong Huang, Charles L. Wiggins, Angela L. W. Meisner, Yan Lin, Li Luo, Xi Gong

Abstract Female breast cancer (FBC) is the most commonly diagnosed malignant cancer and the second leading cancer cause of death among women in the United States. Environmental exposures, particularly PM 2.5 -bound metals, have been increasingly associated with breast cancer incidence. We evaluated associations between long-term residential exposure to PM 2.5 -bound metals and age-adjusted FBC incidence rate at the census tract level in New Mexico from 1997 to 2019. FBC records were obtained from the New Mexico Tum …

25.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Immunology

iPSC-derived CAR-NK extracellular vesicles for non-small cell lung cancer: evidence, engineering, and translational barriers

Zhanhao Liang, Xutong Zhao, Mingru Jiang, Meizhu Zhou, Shibiao Liu, Yi Zhao

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains difficult to treat with adoptive cell therapies because of antigen heterogeneity, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments, stromal barriers, and manufacturing variability. Direct evidence for iPSC-derived CAR-NK EV/sEV therapy in NSCLC is currently unavailable. Accordingly, this narrative review evaluates the platform as a translational hypothesis by integrating mechanistic evidence from CAR-engineered EV studies, biological-analog evidence from NK-cell EVs and other eng …

25.08.2026journal-article

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology

Decision-making capacity, distress and decisional conflicts of patients with advanced cancer at the time of consent: empirical findings and ethical implications

Sabine Sommerlatte, Theresa Schneider, Julia Haberstroh, Christian Heise, Nina Lambrecht, Patrick Michl, Johannes Porzelle, Sophie Rauschenberg, Anke Reinacher-Schick, Matthias Richter, Julia Roick, Henning Rosenau, Karsten Schulmann, Jan Schildmann

Abstract Purpose The ability of cancer patients to make informed decisions may be limited due to psychological and emotional stress. The aim of this study is to describe the decision-making capacity of patients with advanced cancer and explore possible associations with their psychological health and decisional conflict. Methods We conducted structured interviews with patients having advanced pulmonal, oesophageal or liver cancer before the start of therapy and evaluated the decision-making capacity with the MacArt …

25.08.2026journal-article

Statistics in Medicine

Bayesian Machine Learning for Estimating Optimal Dynamic Treatment Regimes With Ordinal Outcomes

Xinru Wang, Tanujit Chakraborty, Bibhas Chakraborty

ABSTRACT Dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) are sequences of decision rules designed to tailor treatments based on patients' treatment history and evolving disease status. Ordinal outcomes frequently serve as primary endpoints in clinical trials and observational studies. However, constructing optimal DTRs for ordinal outcomes has been underexplored. This article introduces a Bayesian machine learning (BML) framework to estimate optimal DTR with ordinal outcomes. To deal with potential nonlinear associations between …

25.08.2026journal-article

Frontiers in Oncology

Artificial intelligence-assisted photodynamic diagnosis and photodynamic therapy against cancer

Jinju Huang, Siu Kan Law, Albert Wing Nang Leung, Chuanshan Xu

Artificial intelligence (AI) comprises advanced computational systems designed to simulate selected aspects of human cognitive functions, such as learning, reasoning, and perception. While AI does not fully replicate human cognition, its analytical processing of large datasets through “machine learning (ML)” and “deep learning (DL)” has increasingly been applied in medicine, including photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). In oncology, these modalities are increasingly used for early cancer de …

25.08.2026journal-article

Annals of African Medicine

To Study the Correlation of Levels of Inflammatory Markers with the Duration of Treatment in Patients Diagnosed with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Longitudinal Study

Vedant Dilip Zalke, Anil Sontakke, Sagar Kolte, Ali Dhuru, Hassan Ali, Satyam Mahakale, Vatsal Sanjaybhai Jetani

Abstract Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is characterized by systemic inflammation, which influences disease severity and treatment response. Conventional tools such as sputum microscopy and chest radiography have limitations in dynamically reflecting inflammatory activity during therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between inflammatory marker levels and duration of antitubercular treatment and to assess their correlation with radiological severity. Materials and Methods: This longitudina …

25.08.2026journal-article

Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation

Pre-treatment NUDT15 testing to inform thiopurine prescribing in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: an economic evaluation

Jaime L. Peters, Christopher Roberts, Claire Bewshea, Nicholas A. Kennedy, James R. Goodhand, Tariq Ahmad, Christopher Hyde

Abstract Background Pre-treatment NUDT15 genotype is effective at identifying individuals likely to have severe thiopurine-induced myelosuppression (TIM). We evaluate the cost-effectiveness of pre-treatment NUDT15 pharmacogenetic testing to inform thiopurine prescribing for people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods Three strategies were compared to current practice (TPMT enzyme activity testing, not TPMT genotyping) using a decision tree model with a one-year time-horizon: • TPMT enzyme activity and NUD …

25.08.2026journal-article

Endocrine Reviews

The evolution of new approaches to the treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Deborah P Merke, Richard J Auchus

Abstract Conventional management of classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) relies on glucocorticoid (GC) therapy, both to replace the cortisol deficiency and to reduce the production of upstream cortisol precursors and subsequent metabolites. To attenuate the disinhibited hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis under endogenous cortisol deficiency, GCs are often administered at supraphysiological doses and at non-physiological timings, particularly to blunt the HPA axis activation in the early morning befor …

25.08.2026journal-article

Journal of Chittagong Medical College Teachers' Association

A Cross-Sectional Study on Patterns of Lymph Node Involvement And Metastasis in Tongue Cancer

Sujit Kumar Dutta, Shaikh Nurul Fattah Rumi, Dipankar Lodh, Mohammad Al Mamun Hamid, Moniruzzaman

Background: Cancer of the tongue mucosa may present as an indurated ulcer with raised edges or as an exophytic growth. Approximately one third of the patients come in to the hospital with a neck swelling. Lymph nodes are an important part of immune system and play a crucial role in tumorprogression. The present study is an attempt to diagnose lymph node involvement and the pattern of metastasis among different groups of lymph node with the tongue cancer and helps to create accurate clinical staging and appropriate …

25.08.2026journal-article

Small

Siglec Ligand Profiling on Extracellular Vesicles Reveals a Cancer‐Related Signature with Immunosuppressive Function in Pancreatic Cancer

Ping Li, Ruoxi Xiao, Feng Li, Xiangmao Bu, Fangli Cao, Jie Wang, Zhu Guo

ABSTRACT Cancer‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) act as systemic carriers of functional sialic acids and participate in local or distant immune escape via the Siglec pathway. Therefore, assessing the expression of Siglec ligands on EVs can facilitate the exploration of novel cancer biomarkers and enable the evaluation of circulating sialic acid‐mediated immunosuppression. However, the structural complexity and functional redundancy of Siglec ligands pose challenges for evaluating their collective role in immune …

25.08.2026journal-article

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

A Multifunctional Chitosan-Coated Ciprofloxacin–Luteolin Lipid Nanoplatform for Photodynamic Therapy of Prostatic Cancer

Riyad F. Alzhrani, Khalid Alamer, Nasser Alothaymin, Rabbani Syed, Ahmed H. Bakheit, Gamaleldin I. Harisa

This study developed chitosan (CS)-coated lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) co-loaded with CIP and LUT (CCIPLUTLNPs) as a multifunctional photodynamic therapy (PDT)-enhanced nanoplatform for PCA therapy. The formulations were characterized by particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency. Stability and hemocompatibility were also evaluated. Anticancer activity was assessed in PC-3 cells by measuring cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation under dark and su …

25.08.2026journal-article

Diseases

Molecular Pathogenesis, Tumor Microenvironment and Health Disparities in Select Pediatric Solid Tumors: An Integrative Narrative Review

MiaSara Pérez-Salvá, Carolyn M. Ruiz-Pérez, Alondra Veloz-Bonilla, Rocío K. Rivera-Valentín

Background/Objectives: Pediatric solid tumors (PST) are a biologically distinct group of malignancies whose developmental origins and molecular drivers differ substantially from those of adult cancers, with direct implications for therapeutic strategy and clinical outcome. This review synthesizes current evidence on molecular pathogenesis, tumor microenvironment biology, and the structural conditions that shape access to care across select PST. Methods: A narrative review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted p …

25.08.2026journal-article

Current Oncology

Charting the Future of Canadian Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Laboratory Testing: A Canadian Leukemia Study Group Current State Mapping of Diagnostic AML Laboratory Practice

Tina Yu Xuan Luo, Sila Usta, Eric McGinnis, Cheryl A. Mather, Julie Bergeron, Tanya Gillan, Etienne Mahe, José-Mario Capo-Chichi, Philip Berardi, Paul C. Park, Doha Itani, Ashish Rajput, Benjamin Chin-Yee, Fei-Yu Han, Darci T. Butcher, Jennifer Fesser, John DeCoteau, Graeme Quest, Elizabeth McCready, Hubert Tsui

Clinical decision making in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) critically relies on rapid genomic characterization. To better understand the AML diagnostic landscape in Canada, the Canadian Leukemia Study Group (CLSG) conducted a survey of laboratory hematology leadership (n = 18) at 16 laboratories across 10 provinces, administered using Google Forms in September 2024. Nearly all surveyed sites were equipped to deliver a full suite of testing platforms through existing on-site infrastructure or laboratory partnerships. …

25.08.2026journal-article

Clinical Cancer Research

Microsatellite Instability Identifies a Rare but Clinically Relevant Subset of Sarcomas: Insights from the Largest Clinically Sequenced Cohort with Therapeutic Implications

Carla Saoud, Chad Vanderbilt, Jamal Benhamida, Carol D. Morris, Sandra P. D’Angelo, Diana Mandelker, William D. Tap, Zsofia K. Stadler, Marc Ladanyi, Aimee Crago, Jinru Shia, Meera R. Hameed

Abstract Purpose: Microsatellite instability (MSI) has broad biologic and clinical relevance across solid tumors, yet its role in sarcomas remains poorly defined. We delineate the clinicopathologic, molecular, and treatment response landscape of MSI in sarcomas using the largest clinically sequenced cohort to date. Experimental Design: MSI status was assessed in 6,449 bone and soft-tissue tumors, including 5,992 sarcomas from 5,162 patients, using targeted next-generation sequencing and validated bioinformatic pipe …