Frontiers in Dementia
Premature and early menopause and neuroimaging biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review
Background Premature and early menopause involve ovarian hormone deprivation, which may contribute to later-life vulnerability to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Multimodal neuroimaging biomarkers provide a means of detecting structural, microstructural, functional, and molecular brain changes before clinical symptoms emerge. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a systematic search of PubMed. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Results Neuroimaging modalities …