Frontiers in Public Health
Global ecological associations between overweight/obesity and non-communicable disease prevalence among children aged 5–9 years: a sex-stratified analysis of 174 countries
Introduction Childhood overweight and obesity are increasing worldwide, yet their population-level associations with a broad range of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among children aged 5–9 years remain insufficiently characterized. This study examined the country-level associations between overweight/obesity and NCDs prevalence and explored whether these association patterns differed by sex. Methods This ecological study included 2022 national-level data from 174 countries. The prevalence of NCDs among children a …