Journal of Clinical Medicine
Development of a Multidomain Conceptual Framework for Frozen Shoulder: A Systematic Review Integrating Clinical, Biological, Psychological and Lifestyle-Related Contributors
Background/Objectives: Frozen shoulder (FS) is increasingly recognised as a heterogeneous condition in which clinical presentation, metabolic/endocrine burden, imaging phenotype, psychological factors, lifestyle-related contributors, and inflammatory biology may all contribute to disease expression and outcome. However, these contributors have not previously been integrated within a unified multidomain framework for whole-person phenotyping. To develop an evidence-derived multidomain conceptual framework for FS by …