International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Artificial Intelligence and Multi-Omics Approaches in the Precision Management of Pulmonary Hypertension: From Early Diagnosis to Therapeutic Stratification
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome in which similar haemodynamic abnormalities may arise from distinct vascular, cardiac, pulmonary, thromboembolic, and molecular mechanisms. This complexity limits the ability of conventional classifications and risk scores to fully capture individual disease trajectories and treatment responses. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers a framework for integrating clinical data, electrocardiography, multimodal imaging, invasive haemodynamics, biomarkers, an …