Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
Visual–Spatial Influences on Vocal Intensity: Effects of Speaker-to-Listener Distance and Room Size in Immersive Virtual Reality
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of speaker-to-listener distance versus room size on individuals' voice perception and production using immersive virtual reality (IVR). Method: Fifteen vocally healthy participants completed three speaking tasks: sustained vowel /a/, the standardized phrase “We were away a year ago,” and spontaneous connected speech in nine randomly ordered IVR conditions. Conditions varied in room size, speaker-to-listener distance, and combinations of room size × sp …