Current Opinion in Hematology
Second-line and salvage therapies for steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease: an integrated synthesis of current evidence and clinical sequencing
Purpose of review Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) remains a principal driver of nonrelapse mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Fifty percent of patients fail to achieve durable responses to first-line corticosteroids, defining steroid-refractory aGVHD (SR-aGVHD) and limited long-term survival. The Janus kinase 1/2 (JAK1/2) inhibitor ruxolitinib became the standard second-line therapy. Nevertheless, primary resistance and secondary loss of response continue to leav …