National Science Review
In situ probiotic-to-postbiotic transformation for spatiotemporally controlled cancer photoimmunotherapy
Abstract Current cancer phototherapy is often hindered by suboptimal immunogenicity and inevitable immune escape. Herein, a programmable bio-hybridized phototherapeutic platform is developed by chemical grafting drug-loaded phototherapeutic nano-modules on natural facultative anaerobic probiotics. Exploiting the innate hypoxia-tropic motility of probiotics, the platform achieves robust active accumulation within tumor tissues. Under the first near-infrared (NIR) laser stimulus, the platform undergoes in situ probio …